Halfway through the 12th Five Year Plan period, the National Energy Administration launched preliminary research on the 13th Five Year Plan for energy, and listed three major categories and 20 research topics for public bidding. The research topics are divided into three categories: major situation analysis, major goals and tasks research, and major thematic research. From the content of the topics, it can be seen that China's energy industry is facing the situation and urgent problems that need to be solved in the 13th Five Year Plan and the medium to long term.

From the perspective of energy supply and demand, China has become the world's largest energy consumer, but the per capita energy consumption is only one-third of that of developed countries. With the acceleration of industrialization and urbanization, industrial energy consumption remains high, while transportation and construction energy consumption will significantly increase.

Under the strong energy demand, the dependence of oil and gas on foreign countries is rapidly increasing. At the same time, China is facing a relatively complex international energy market, especially the oil and gas market, which is more volatile. The shale gas revolution in the United States and other factors have profoundly affected the global energy supply and demand pattern. The financial attributes of oil and natural gas are gradually strengthening, and the volatility risk of the global energy market is intensifying. The global supply and demand situation and price trends of oil and natural gas have an impact on energy development during the 13th Five Year Plan period.

From a domestic perspective, the development of urbanization has driven the adjustment of energy supply and consumption structures, posing new requirements for the construction of energy supply systems and energy development. The Energy Bureau hopes that research institutions can quantitatively analyze the impact of urbanization on energy consumption in key areas such as construction and transportation, as well as its impact on the total and structure of energy consumption during the 13th Five Year Plan period and in the medium to long term.

For a long time, China's economic development and resource distribution have been imbalanced, and energy supply and demand have shown a reverse distribution characteristic. In recent years, with the strengthening of environmental capacity constraints in the eastern region and the continuous increase in energy usage costs, the transformation and upgrading of industries in the eastern region and the acceleration of the transfer of energy intensive industries to the central and western regions have accelerated.

Experts from the Policy Research Center of the China Energy Research Association believe that the changing trends in energy demand in the eastern, central, and western regions determine China's energy production and transmission pattern, while changes in the supply capacity of electricity in the eastern region and the demand for "West East Power Transmission" affect the layout of the power industry.

The bidding project of the Energy Bureau shows that the development, utilization, and layout of energy in the 13th Five Year Plan face water resource constraints (with prominent supply-demand contradictions in some energy rich areas), requirements for air pollution prevention and control (with increasing pressure on prevention and control), and hard constraints for addressing climate change and reducing carbon dioxide emissions (with future emissions continuing to increase).

For the 13th Five Year Plan and the medium and long-term major goals and tasks, the Energy Bureau has listed seven aspects: total energy consumption control, increasing the proportion of natural gas, safe and efficient development of nuclear power, 15% non fossil energy by 2020, energy industry transformation and upgrading, energy consumption revolution and energy conservation and emission reduction, and international energy cooperation.

During the 13th Five Year Plan period, China will continue to implement policies to control the total consumption of energy and coal. The 13th Five Year Plan will propose the total energy consumption control target for 2020 and the specific implementation path; Propose measures to promote the development of non fossil fuels and guarantee measures to improve energy efficiency in industries, construction, and transportation.

China has committed to the international community that by 2020, the proportion of non fossil fuels in primary energy consumption will reach 15%. To achieve this goal, it is necessary to analyze the resource conditions, industrial foundation, and policy conditions of China's hydropower, nuclear energy, wind energy, solar energy, and other non fossil energy sources, and calculate the feasible development scale of various non fossil energy sources during the 13th Five Year Plan period.

In addition, six issues, including clean and efficient utilization of coal, shale gas development, marine oil and gas development strategy, development of distributed energy industry, cost and price competitiveness of wind and solar power generation, and improvement of energy market system and price mechanism, have been included in the major thematic research of the Energy Bureau during the 13th Five Year Plan period.

Due to factors such as resource endowment and technological and economic development level, coal will still be an important basic energy source in China for a considerable period of time in the future. The clean and efficient utilization of coal is a key focus during the 13th Five Year Plan period, and coal deep processing industries such as coal to oil, coal to gas, and coal to olefins will receive more attention.

It is worth noting that the National Energy Administration has listed distributed energy as an important means to promote China's energy production and consumption revolution. Distributed energy refers to the energy comprehensive utilization system distributed on the user end, mainly including distributed photovoltaics, distributed wind power, distributed biogas, and natural gas cogeneration systems. The 13th Five Year Plan for Energy will clarify the positioning and development path of different types of distributed energy in the energy supply system.

In the construction of energy system and mechanism, the 13th Five Year Plan and medium - to long-term goals are to establish a reasonable industrial organizational structure, improve the market system, improve the efficiency of energy market operation, and enhance the competitiveness of the energy industry; Establish a reasonable and effective energy pricing mechanism to guide energy consumption, promote resource conservation, and develop energy-saving technologies.

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